An increase has also been seen in the number of black rhinos, from 3,500 in 2004 (when the CITES quotas were introduced) to c. Since trophy hunting was permitted for white rhinos in 1968, the population of Southern white rhinos increased from 1,800 to c. What is the impact of trophy hunting on rhino population numbers?
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No hunting is allowed of any of the Asian species: Greater one-horned rhinos, Sumatran and Javan rhinos. Some African rhino range states, such as Kenya and Botswana, are completely opposed to trophy hunting others, including Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, allow hunts for other species but not rhinos. Removing a ‘problem’ individual may enable a higher growth rate for or greater genetic diversity of the population as a whole.Įxport of the trophies (usually the taxidermied head and horns, occasionally the whole body) is also regulated by the international conservation organisation CITES. The black rhinos selected for trophy hunts are chosen on biological principles: rhinos are old, generally post-reproductive bulls, who may have a detrimental effect on the overall rhino population, by being aggressive or territorial. Trophy hunting for black rhinos is only allowed under strict permit conditions, and permits are granted by the in-country CITES management authorities. In 2004, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) approved quota applications by Namibia and South Africa to allow each country to offer a maximum of five black rhino trophy hunts per year, but only of male black rhinos meeting certain criteria. The numbers hunted per year have been determined by the rhinos’ owners, whose financial interest is to maintain a viable breeding population, from which to generate future revenues. Trophy hunting has been permitted for Southern white rhinos in South Africa since 1968. The trophy hunting of black rhino and white rhino in Namibia and South Africa is legal under certain conditions. Two species of rhino may be trophy hunted: the white and the black.
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Which rhino species are affected by trophy hunting? Trophy hunting is defined as “ a specific and selective legal form of wildlife use that involves payment for a hunting experience and the acquisition of a trophy (such as large antlers, or a body part) by the hunter”.Ĭanned hunting (the hunting of animals in kept in confined enclosures, increasing the likelihood of a hunter making a kill) is applicable to other species, with the canned hunting of lions under particular scrutiny. The article below provides some background and context, in the hope that it informs the debate. Trophy hunting is a highly emotive and complex issue on which we are often asked to comment.